Chimney anatomy

01 · Chimney cap

A chimney cap sits on top of the chimney and protects it from rain, debris, and animals entering the flue.

• Rust or corrosion can damage the cap.
• The cap may detach in high winds.
• Clogs can form due to bird nests or debris.

02 · Crown

The chimney crown is the slab that covers the top of the chimney, sealing it to prevent water entry.

• Cracks can develop over time due to weathering.
• Water can seep through and cause leaks.
• Poor construction can lead to early deterioration.

03 · Flashing

Flashing is the metal barrier that prevents water from seeping into the joint where the chimney meets the roof.

• Flashing can rust or pull away from the chimney.
• Improper installation can result in leaks.
• Weather exposure leads to wear and tear.

04 · Brick and mortar

These are the bricks and the mortar used to construct the chimney stack, providing structure and stability.

• Cracks in the bricks or mortar can lead to structural issues.
• Water damage can cause the mortar to crumble.
• Freezing and thawing cycles can deteriorate brickwork.

05 · Flue liner

The flue liner is a conduit inside the chimney that safely carries exhaust gases out of the home.

• Liners can crack, leading to inefficiency.
• Creosote buildup can cause blockages.
• Age and use can cause liner deterioration.

06 · Smoke chamber

The smoke chamber is located above the firebox and directs smoke from the fire up into the flue.

• Creosote can accumulate in the chamber.
• Uneven surfaces can disrupt smoke flow.
• Cracks can form due to heat exposure.

07 · Damper

The damper is a valve used to control airflow and the draft in the chimney.

• Dampers can rust and stick.
• Debris can obstruct the damper, preventing proper closure.
• Warping can occur from heat or age.

08 · Firebox

The firebox is where the actual fire burns, constructed to handle high heat.

• Cracks can develop in the firebox walls.
• Excessive heat can cause damage to firebrick.
• Mortar joints can erode due to regular use.